In July 2021, the European Commission (EC) submitted a proposal for a regulation establishing the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), an initiative to promote the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and achieve carbon neutral status by 2050. For Vietnam, experts have identified two main options for applying a carbon tax, including integration into environmental protection taxes or integration into environmental protection fees; or simultaneously application along with building a carbon market to increase effectiveness. The application of a carbon tax needs a specific roadmap to ensure harmony between the interests of the State, businesses, and taxpayers.